We cohabitate with animals for a long time. In the last hundreds of years, this cohabitation has profoundly changed, from the explosion of pets to industrialized agriculture, as well as our destruction of natural habitats and elimination of species. Today, ecological disasters, foxes and bears coming into the cities but also a new environmental consciousness have raised theproblem of how architecture should (re)learn to deal with co-habitation with other species. And this is about so much more than passive house design.
This school for dogs, humans and other species in the Spanish countryside does answer to a specific program. But it also speaks about environmental strategies and gentle innovation. (Cătălina Frâncu)
Text: Enrique Espinosa (Eeestudio) & Lys Villalba
Photo: José Hevia & Javier de Paz
Eva, Carlos, two Belgian Malinois – Bicho and Bomba –, Harris the owl, five swift families, six kestrel families and twenty sparrows, are all companion species. They live and learn together in this building, thirty kilometres west of Madrid.
*Signaletics/”Branch”
Sitting in amongst fields, in a rural environment transformed over recent decades by urban development and intensive pesticide-reliant agriculture, Educan School is trialling ways to recover the conditions of the ecosystem.
*Site axonometry
Its architecture is a multi-species design. While the two main classrooms are busy with dog–human pairs practising agility or dog sports like Schutzhund, birds nest on the upper floor’s nest-facade, boasting ideal views and orientation. Small birds of prey feed on rodents, maintaining a balance with crops and other local flora. Small birds and bats – who also inhabit the lettering on the south facade – feed on insects, including mosquitoes that can carry certain canine diseases, and are part of the pollination cycles of flowers and plants in the surrounding fields. Sparrows made an impromptu appearance in this self-regulating ecosystem, nesting in the circular holes of the container edges.
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Non-humans are at the centre of the design. The floors, usually designed for people and their shoes, are adapted to the pads and joints of canine paws: the training classrooms use removable rolls of PTE-based synthetic turf, approved for canine training, while theory classrooms are finished in semi-polished, exposed aggregate concrete made of river pebbles. The average eye height drops from over a metre and a half, to just half a metre. Interior openings are raised to heights of more than one meter to avoid doggy distractions; louvred window shutters shade the south facade, leaving enough space below for dog traffic to the outside, where rainwater from the roof is harvested in large troughs for dogs and birds. Spoken word turns bark, and the interior surfaces are clad with sound-absorbing pyramid foam insulation, minimising echo, noises and reverberation.
*South façade in summer
*Interior and main opening (South-facing)
*main space
*secondary space
Material crossovers and constructive innovation
The building uses a diverse range of materials, combining different building techniques, trades and production systems: from material ecology and waste reduction with the reuse of shipping containers, to the adaptability and thermal mass provided by in-situ concrete and its smooth and undulating formwork using sheets recovered from the off-cuts for the new trusses; from the standardisation and optimisation of industrial metal sheet panels to the precision of laminated timber CNC-cut joints; from the industrial standardisation of basic ingredients like 40′ HC containers to the hand-crafted ironwork offering customised joints, bespoke assemblies and unique elements such as bench legs, lamps or large sliding doors helping open and close the different spaces; from automated air conditioning systems to manual bioclimatic control elements like the perforated shutters or roller blinds; from the material weight of the foundations and concrete walls to the lightness of the rest of the dry-assembled elements.
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Educan is also an experiment that demonstrates that agricultural architectures, usually considered lesser within the discipline itself, can also be places of exploration and architectural innovation.
*Material ecosystem
*Floor plan
*Longitudinal section
*Transversal section
*Exploded axonometry
*Details
Info & credits
Project: Enrique Espinosa (Eeestudio) and Lys Villalba
Place: Brunete, Madrid (Spain)
Finished in: noiembrie/November 2020
Built area: 300m2
Client: Adiestramiento Educan
Construction: Servicios Integrales Alji / Construcciones Metálicas Miguel Torrejón
Team: Javier Reñones Marín (building engineer), Mecanismo (structural engineers), Alberto Espinosa (bulding services engineer), Jorge López Hidalgo (îtechnical consultant), Maria Paola Marciano e Irene Domínguez (collaborators).
